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Plant Biotechnology(8)Animal Biotechnology(9)Microbial Biotechnology(5)

Plant Biotechnology

8 Questions

GATE→2025→Plant, Animal and Microbial Biotechnology→Plant Biotechnology

Q1

MCQ[2 Marks]

Correctly match the herbicide with its mode of development of resistance in plants. **Herbicide** P. Imidazolinones Q. Bromoxynil R. Glufosinate **Mode of development of resistance** 1. Transformation of bacterial nitrilase gene 2. Transformation of resistant version of acetolactate synthetase 3. Transformation of tfdA gene from Alcaligenes, which encodes a dioxygenase 4. Transformation of bar gene from Streptomyces hygroscopicus which encodes phosphinothricin acetyltransferase

(A)

P-2; Q-1; R-4

(B)

P-2; Q-1; R-3

(C)

P-1; Q-2; R-3

(D)

P-4; Q-1; R-3

Explanation

GATE→2024→Plant, Animal and Microbial Biotechnology→Plant Biotechnology

Q2

MSQ[2 Marks]

Which of the following plant-based secondary metabolites belong(s) to the class of alkaloids?

(A)

Ajmalicine

(B)

Azadirachtin

(C)

Camptothecin

(D)

Vinblastine

Explanation

GATE→2024→Plant, Animal and Microbial Biotechnology→Plant Biotechnology

Q3

MSQ[2 Marks]

Which of the following is/are considered as biotic elicitor(s) in plant cell culture?

(A)

Cellulase

(B)

Chitin

(C)

Chitosan

(D)

Mercuric chloride

Explanation

GATE→2024→Plant, Animal and Microbial Biotechnology→Plant Biotechnology

Q4

MSQ[2 Marks]

Which of the following is/are synthetic auxin(s) that does/do NOT occur naturally?

(A)

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

(B)

Indole-3-acetic acid

(C)

Indole-3-butyric acid

(D)

1-Naphthaleneacetic acid

Explanation

GATE→2023→Plant, Animal and Microbial Biotechnology→Plant Biotechnology

Q5

MCQ[1 Mark]

Which one of the following plant growth regulators facilitate adventitious root formation?

(A)

Auxin

(B)

Zeatin

(C)

Dihydrozeatin

(D)

Kinetin

Explanation

GATE→2023→Plant, Animal and Microbial Biotechnology→Plant Biotechnology

Q6

MSQ[2 Marks]

Which of the following is(are) plant protoplast fusogenic agent(s)?

(A)

Sodium nitrate

(B)

Polyvinyl alcohol

(C)

Polyethylene glycol

(D)

Bromoxynil

Explanation

GATE→2023→Plant, Animal and Microbial Biotechnology→Plant Biotechnology

Q7

MSQ[2 Marks]

Direct DNA transfer method(s) used for plant genetic engineering is(are)

(A)

microparticle bombardment

(B)

electroporation

(C)

polyethylene glycol treatment

(D)

Agrobacterium-mediated transformation

Explanation

GATE→2022→Plant, Animal and Microbial Biotechnology→Plant Biotechnology

Q8

MSQ[2 Marks]

Introduction of foreign genes into plant cells can be carried out using

(A)

Agrobacterium

(B)

$CaCl_{2}$ mediated plasmid uptake

(C)

Electroporation

(D)

Gene gun

Explanation

Animal Biotechnology

9 Questions

GATE→2026→Plant, Animal and Microbial Biotechnology→Animal Biotechnology

Q9

MCQ[1 Mark]

For monoclonal antibody production, hypoxanthine

(A)

allows DNA synthesis in the absence of de novo dTMP synthesis

(B)

allows purine synthesis in cells containing HGPRT

(C)

induces cell fusion

(D)

prevents de novo nucleotide synthesis

Explanation

GATE→2026→Plant, Animal and Microbial Biotechnology→Animal Biotechnology

Q10

NAT[2 Marks]

In the process of generating a clonal mammalian cell line, a single cell was seeded in a well of a cell culture plate. After the first 48 hours, one of the progeny cells underwent apoptosis due to a new mutation. If the doubling time of the cells is 24 hours and no more cell death occurs, the total number of cells after a total of 7 days from seeding will be (answer in integer)

Explanation

GATE→2025→Plant, Animal and Microbial Biotechnology→Animal Biotechnology

Q11

MCQ[1 Mark]

Which one of the following hosts is used in mammalian cell culture for the production of glycosylated recombinant therapeutic proteins?

(A)

Pichia pastoris

(B)

Sf9 cells

(C)

Escherichia coli

(D)

Chinese hamster ovary cells

Explanation

GATE→2024→Plant, Animal and Microbial Biotechnology→Animal Biotechnology

Q12

MCQ[1 Mark]

A cultured skin fibroblast cell of a goat 'P' was fused with an enucleated ovum of a goat 'Q'. The resultant activated early embryo was then transplanted into a pseudopregnant (surrogate) female goat 'R' of the same strain as 'Q'. On completion of gestation, a female goat 'S' was born. With the exception of mitochondrial DNA, 'S' is a clone of

(A)

Only P

(B)

Only Q

(C)

Only R

(D)

Both P and R

Explanation

GATE→2024→Plant, Animal and Microbial Biotechnology→Animal Biotechnology

Q13

MCQ[1 Mark]

Which one of the following is an insect cell line?

(A)

HEK 293

(B)

Sf9

(C)

DH5\alpha

(D)

CHO

Explanation

GATE→2024→Plant, Animal and Microbial Biotechnology→Animal Biotechnology

Q14

MCQ[2 Marks]

Match the item (Column I) with its corresponding use (Column II). **Column I** P. Glutamine Q. Trypsin R. Hypoxanthine S. Neomycin **Column II** 1. Detachment of adherent cells 2. Selection of transfected mammalian cell lines 3. Source of carbon and nitrogen in animal cell culture media 4. A component of medium for selection of hybridoma in monoclonal antibody production

(A)

P-3; Q-1; R-4; S-2

(B)

P-1; Q-2; R-4; S-3

(C)

P-3; Q-1; R-2; S-4

(D)

P-2; Q-3; R-1; S-4

Explanation

GATE→2023→Plant, Animal and Microbial Biotechnology→Animal Biotechnology

Q15

MCQ[1 Mark]

In hybridoma technology, which one of the following enzymes is absent in the myeloma cells that are used for monoclonal antibody production?

(A)

Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase

(B)

Alanine aminotransferase

(C)

Triose phosphate isomerase

(D)

Glycosyltransferase

Explanation

GATE→2023→Plant, Animal and Microbial Biotechnology→Animal Biotechnology

Q16

MSQ[2 Marks]

Which of the following statement(s) is (are) TRUE about induced pluripotent stem cells?

(A)

They can self-renew

(B)

They require specific signals to maintain their stemness

(C)

They cannot be genetically manipulated

(D)

They can form organoids in vitro

Explanation

GATE→2022→Plant, Animal and Microbial Biotechnology→Animal Biotechnology

Q17

MCQ[2 Marks]

Match the media component used in mammalian cell culture (Column I) with its respective role (Column II). **Column I** P. Hydrocortisone Q. Fibronectin R. Epidermal growth factor S. Riboflavin **Column II** 1. Mitogen 2. Vitamin 3. Hormone 4. Cell attachment

(A)

P-3, Q-4, R-1, S-2

(B)

P-3, Q-4, R-2, S-1

(C)

P-4, Q-3, R-1, S-2

(D)

P-4, Q-3, R-2, S-1

Explanation

Microbial Biotechnology

5 Questions

GATE→2026→Plant, Animal and Microbial Biotechnology→Microbial Biotechnology

Q18

MCQ[1 Mark]

The correct sequence of the four steps involved in anaerobic production of biogas from complex organics is:

(A)

Hydrolysis $\rightarrow$ Acidogenesis $\rightarrow$ Acetogenesis $\rightarrow$ Methanogenesis

(B)

Methanogenesis $\rightarrow$ Acetogenesis $\rightarrow$ Acidogenesis $\rightarrow$ Hydrolysis

(C)

Acidogenesis $\rightarrow$ Hydrolysis $\rightarrow$ Methanogenesis $\rightarrow$ Acetogenesis

(D)

Hydrolysis $\rightarrow$ Methanogenesis $\rightarrow$ Acidogenesis $\rightarrow$ Acetogenesis

Explanation

GATE→2025→Plant, Animal and Microbial Biotechnology→Microbial Biotechnology

Q19

MCQ[1 Mark]

Correctly match the following Product classes with their representative Products. **Product class** P. Biofuel Q. Bioplastic R. Industrial enzyme S. Antibiotic **Product** 1. Cellulase 2. Cephalosporin 3. Butanol 4. Poly-lactic acid 5. Rituximab

(A)

P-1; Q-5; R-3; S-2

(B)

P-3; Q-4; R-5; S-2

(C)

P-3; Q-2; R-1; S-5

(D)

P-3; Q-4; R-1; S-2

Explanation

GATE→2024→Plant, Animal and Microbial Biotechnology→Microbial Biotechnology

Q20

MCQ[1 Mark]

The relationship that involves the exchange of nutrients between two different species for their mutual growth is called

(A)

antagonism

(B)

commensalism

(C)

parasitism

(D)

syntrophism

Explanation

GATE→2024→Plant, Animal and Microbial Biotechnology→Microbial Biotechnology

Q21

MCQ[2 Marks]

Match the industrial enzyme (Column I) with its application (Column II). **Column I** P. Lipase Q. Ficin R. Amylase S. Glucosidase **Column II** 1. Maltose syrup production 2. Oil degradation 3. Oligosaccharide/monosaccharide production 4. Meat tenderization

(A)

P-3; Q-4; R-2; S-1

(B)

P-2; Q-4; R-1; S-3

(C)

P-2; Q-3; R-1; S-4

(D)

P-1; Q-2; R-4; S-3

Explanation

GATE→2022→Plant, Animal and Microbial Biotechnology→Microbial Biotechnology

Q22

MCQ[1 Mark]

Match the microbial product (Column I) with its respective application (Column II). **Column I** P. Methane Q. Glycolipids R. Polyhydroxy alkanoate **Column II** 1. Biosurfactant 2. Bioplastic 3. Biofuel

(A)

P-1, Q-2, R-3

(B)

P-2, Q-1, R-3

(C)

P-3, Q-2, R-1

(D)

P-3, Q-1, R-2

Explanation