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Transportation Infrastructure(10)Highway Pavements(6)Traffic Engineering(13)

Transportation Infrastructure

10 Questions

GATE→2026→Transportation Engineering→Transportation Infrastructure

Q1

MSQ[1 Mark]

Cant on a Broad Gauge railway track is calculated for an equilibrium speed $V$ (in km/h), dynamic gauge $G$ (in mm) and radius of curve $R$ (in m) using formula/formulae:

(A)

$C = \frac{GV^2}{127 R}$

(B)

$C = \frac{13.76 V^2}{R}$

(C)

$C = \frac{13.20 V^2}{R}$

(D)

$C = \frac{8.33 V^2}{R}$

Explanation

GATE→2026→Transportation Engineering→Transportation Infrastructure

Q2

MSQ[2 Marks]

Which of the following statements is/are TRUE in the context of the geometric design of highways?

(A)

Friction coefficient for horizontal curve design is lower than for sight distance.

(B)

Centrifugal force at horizontal curve is counteracted by raising middle pavement.

(C)

Grade compensation is achieved by increasing gradient of horizontal curve.

(D)

Summit curve design length for unidirectional flow is greater than bidirectional.

Explanation

GATE→2025→Transportation Engineering→Transportation Infrastructure

Q3

MCQ[1 Mark]

The maximum degree of the curve that can be used for railways in a mountainous region is

(A)

10

(B)

20

(C)

50

(D)

40

Explanation

GATE→2025→Transportation Engineering→Transportation Infrastructure

Q4

NAT[1 Mark]

Road A and Road B are joined by a circular horizontal curve of radius 200 m. Tangent distance CE = 92 m. The angle $\theta$ (in degrees) is

Explanation

GATE→2024→Transportation Engineering→Transportation Infrastructure

Q5

MCQ[1 Mark]

Car at 60 km/h on 2% downward gradient. Obstacle 130 m ahead. Reaction time 2.5s, brake efficiency 60%, friction 0.7. Required stopping distance lies in range

(A)

126 to 130

(B)

41 to 45

(C)

33 to 37

(D)

75 to 79

Explanation

GATE→2024→Transportation Engineering→Transportation Infrastructure

Q6

MCQ[1 Mark]

As per ICAO, basic runway length is increased by $x$ (%) for every $y$ (m) raise in elevation from MSL. The values are

(A)

7% and 300 m

(B)

10% and 1000 m

(C)

1% and 300 m

(D)

7% and 1000 m

Explanation

GATE→2024→Transportation Engineering→Transportation Infrastructure

Q7

NAT[2 Marks]

Curved Broad Gauge section with radius 437 m and given train speed distribution. Gauge = 1750 mm. Required equilibrium cant (in mm) is

Explanation

GATE→2023→Transportation Engineering→Transportation Infrastructure

Q8

MCQ[1 Mark]

Approach and departure grades $G_1, G_2$. Statement analysis for sag and crest vertical curves.

(A)

Statement 1 and 3 correct, Statement 2 wrong

(B)

Statement 1 and 2 correct, Statement 3 wrong

(C)

Statement 1 correct, Statement 2 and 3 wrong

(D)

Statement 2 correct, Statement 1 and 3 wrong

Explanation

GATE→2023→Transportation Engineering→Transportation Infrastructure

Q9

NAT[1 Mark]

Horizontal curve radius 300 m, design speed 15 m/s. Allowable jerk $0.75\text{ m/s}^3$. Minimum length of transition curve (in m) is

Explanation

GATE→2022→Transportation Engineering→Transportation Infrastructure

Q10

MSQ[1 Mark]

To design a horizontal curve in limited space, which measure(s) can be used to decrease the radius of curvature?

(A)

Decrease design speed

(B)

Increase superelevation

(C)

Increase design speed

(D)

Restrict vehicles with higher weight

Explanation

Highway Pavements

6 Questions

GATE→2026→Transportation Engineering→Highway Pavements

Q11

NAT[2 Marks]

Bituminous mix composition percentages and specific gravities provided. The Voids Filled with Bitumen (VFB, in percentage) is

Explanation

GATE→2025→Transportation Engineering→Highway Pavements

Q12

MCQ[1 Mark]

In the context of testing bitumen, which one of the following statements is FALSE:

(A)

Penetration test depth is measured in tenths of millimeter.

(B)

Softening point is measured using ring and ball apparatus.

(C)

Softening point is measured in units of time.

(D)

Ductility is measured in units of length.

Explanation

GATE→2025→Transportation Engineering→Highway Pavements

Q13

NAT[2 Marks]

Compacted bituminous specimen mass in air 1260 g, volume 525 cm^3, water density 1 g/cm^3. Max theoretical specific gravity 2.510. Air voids % is

Explanation

GATE→2024→Transportation Engineering→Highway Pavements

Q14

MCQ[1 Mark]

Which one of the following statements related to bitumen is FALSE?

(A)

Kinematic viscosity measures resistance to flow of molten bitumen under gravity.

(B)

Softer grade bitumen possesses higher softening point than hard grade bitumen.

(C)

Flash point is lowest temperature where vapours catch flash.

(D)

Ductility test measures stretch.

Explanation

GATE→2023→Transportation Engineering→Highway Pavements

Q15

MSQ[2 Marks]

Match test reporting conventions (P: Reported as ratio, Q: Reported as percentage, R: Reported in temperature, S: Reported in length) with material tests.

(A)

Option A

(B)

Option B

(C)

Option C

(D)

Option D

Explanation

GATE→2022→Transportation Engineering→Highway Pavements

Q16

NAT[2 Marks]

Dual-wheel assembly load parameters. Ratio of Equivalent Single Wheel Load (ESWL) at depth $z = d/2$ to ESWL at depth $z = 2s$ is

Explanation

Traffic Engineering

13 Questions

GATE→2026→Transportation Engineering→Traffic Engineering

Q17

NAT[1 Mark]

The travel times of three vehicles on a 2 km stretch of road are 4, 5, and 8 minutes. Assuming constant speed, the Space Mean Speed (in km/h) is

Explanation

GATE→2026→Transportation Engineering→Traffic Engineering

Q18

MCQ[2 Marks]

Traffic flow and density relationships across four road sections with bottleneck constraints.

(A)

S2-D4; S3-D3; S4-D2

(B)

S2-D3; S3-D2; S4-D1

(C)

S2-D3; S3-D4; S4-D2

(D)

S2-D4; S3-D3; S4-D1

Explanation

GATE→2026→Transportation Engineering→Traffic Engineering

Q19

NAT[2 Marks]

Traffic volume on dual 3-lane carriageway is 6000 veh/h/dir. A truck blocks one lane from 08:00 to 08:30. Normal capacity 2000 veh/h/ln, queue capacity 1600 veh/h/ln. Number of vehicles in queue at 10:00 am is

Explanation

GATE→2025→Transportation Engineering→Traffic Engineering

Q20

MCQ[1 Mark]

All vehicles during a peak hour arrive within a 10-minute period. The 15-minute peak hour factor (PHF) is

(A)

0.25

(B)

0.167

(C)

0.75

(D)

1.0

Explanation

GATE→2025→Transportation Engineering→Traffic Engineering

Q21

MCQ[2 Marks]

The speed-density relation on a single lane road has max speed 90 km/h at density 10 veh/km and jam density 100 veh/km. Maximum flow (in veh/h) is

(A)

2500

(B)

900

(C)

2250

(D)

2000

Explanation

GATE→2025→Transportation Engineering→Traffic Engineering

Q22

NAT[2 Marks]

One-way single lane road 30% trucks (speed uniform 30-60), 70% cars (speed uniform 40-80). Speed limit 50 km/h. Percentage exceeding speed limit is

Explanation

GATE→2024→Transportation Engineering→Traffic Engineering

Q23

MCQ[2 Marks]

Free mean speed is $60\text{ km/h}$ and jam density spacing is 8 m ($k_j = 125\text{ veh/km}$). For linear speed-density relationship, maximum flow (in veh/h/lane) is

(A)

1875

(B)

938

(C)

2075

(D)

1038

Explanation

GATE→2024→Transportation Engineering→Traffic Engineering

Q24

NAT[2 Marks]

Time-space domain trajectories of six vehicles. Mean speed of vehicles (in km/h) in the entire time-space domain is

Explanation

GATE→2023→Transportation Engineering→Traffic Engineering

Q25

MCQ[2 Marks]

Speed-density relationships for Road A and Road B. If capacities are $C_A$ and $C_B$, the ratio $\frac{C_A}{C_B}$ is

(A)

k_A / k_B

(B)

u_A / u_B

(C)

k_A u_A / k_B u_B

(D)

k_A u_B / k_B u_A

Explanation

GATE→2022→Transportation Engineering→Traffic Engineering

Q26

MCQ[2 Marks]

Consider points P, Q, R, S on Greenshields speed-flow diagram. Correct order of traffic densities $k_P, k_Q, k_R, k_S$ is

(A)

kP > kQ > kR > kS

(B)

kS > kR > kQ > kP

(C)

kQ > kR > kS > kP

(D)

kQ > kR > kP > kS

Explanation

GATE→2022→Transportation Engineering→Traffic Engineering

Q27

NAT[2 Marks]

Two-phase signalized intersection with cycle time 100s, amber 4s, red 50s, lost time 2s per phase. Effective green time of each phase (in seconds) is

Explanation

GATE→2022→Transportation Engineering→Traffic Engineering

Q28

NAT[2 Marks]

Cars and buses arrive at 4 veh/h and 2 veh/h (Poisson processes). Probability of observing at least 2 vehicles in 30 minutes is

Explanation

GATE→2022→Transportation Engineering→Traffic Engineering

Q29

NAT[2 Marks]

Vehicle counts in 10-minute intervals given. Peak hour factor (PHF) for 10-minute sub-interval is

Explanation