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Type:ALLMCQNATMSQ

Environmental Management Systems & Impact Assessment(10)Environmental Law, Policy, and Treaties(7)Energy and Environment(3)Sustainable Development and Economics(2)

Environmental Management Systems & Impact Assessment

10 Questions

GATE→2026→Environmental Management and Sustainable Development→Environmental Management Systems & Impact Assessment

Q1

MCQ[1 Mark]

Which ONE of the following options CORRECTLY matches the ISO series with their usages in environmental management system (EMS) given in the table?

(A)

(P) - (i); (Q) - (ii); (R) - (iii); (S) - (iv)

(B)

(P) - (ii); (Q) - (i); (R) - (iv); (S) - (iii)

(C)

(P) - (iii); (Q) - (iv); (R) - (i); (S) - (ii)

(D)

(P) - (iv); (Q) - (iii); (R) - (ii); (S) - (i)

Explanation

GATE→2026→Environmental Management and Sustainable Development→Environmental Management Systems & Impact Assessment

Q2

MSQ[1 Mark]

Which of the following options is/are directly associated with the steps involved in carrying out life cycle assessment (LCA)?

(A)

Determination of functional unit

(B)

Defining goal and scope

(C)

Defining technology readiness level

(D)

Listing out inventory of inputs and outputs

Explanation

GATE→2026→Environmental Management and Sustainable Development→Environmental Management Systems & Impact Assessment

Q3

NAT[2 Marks]

The concentration of chemical A in ambient air is $50\text{ }\mu\text{g/m}^3$ and the toxicological index limit for a threshold health effect for this chemical is $5\text{ mg}$. If the average breathing rate is $4\text{ L/min}$, the minimum time of exposure that can lead to any health effect is _____ days (rounded off to one decimal place).

Explanation

GATE→2024→Environmental Management and Sustainable Development→Environmental Management Systems & Impact Assessment

Q4

MSQ[2 Marks]

Based on the ISO 14040 methodology for Life Cycle Assessment, match the terms with the descriptions in the table: - (a) Goal and Scope -> (ii) The problem is described, and the objective of the study are defined - (b) Functional Unit -> (i) Based on the product or system, the comparative unit must be carefully defined and be same for all scenarios - (c) Life Cycle Inventory -> (iv) Process based approach and input-output approach - (d) Impact Assessment -> (iii) Evaluates the environmental implications due to the inventorized emissions The correct match(es) is/are

(A)

a-(ii); b-(i)

(B)

a-(iii); b-(i)

(C)

c-(iii); d-(iv)

(D)

a-(i); d-(iii)

Explanation

GATE→2024→Environmental Management and Sustainable Development→Environmental Management Systems & Impact Assessment

Q5

NAT[2 Marks]

A person consumes $2.5\text{ liters}$ of water per day. The water quality test indicated that the supplied water has a Pb concentration of $0.6\text{ mg/L}$. If the weight of the person is $75\text{ kg}$, the exposure level for Pb for this person from this drinking water source is _____ mg/kg/day (rounded off to 2 decimal places).

Explanation

GATE→2024→Environmental Management and Sustainable Development→Environmental Management Systems & Impact Assessment

Q6

NAT[2 Marks]

Initially a bottle contained $400\text{ g}$ of ethanol. Half of ethanol was used by a student for preparing the stock solution in an environmental chemistry laboratory just before summer vacation of $90\text{ days}$. After completing the procedure, the student left the bottle uncorked. If the unsealed bottle loses ethanol at a rate of $0.5\text{ g/day}$, the ethanol that will be left in the bottle at the end of the summer vacation is _____ g (an integer value).

Explanation

GATE→2023→Environmental Management and Sustainable Development→Environmental Management Systems & Impact Assessment

Q7

MCQ[1 Mark]

Read the following statements: I. The goal of Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) is to assess the environmental impact of products from a system perspective and to identify possible improvement strategies. II. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is defined as a process of identifying, predicting, and evaluating the likely impacts of a proposed project or development to define mitigation actions... The correct choice is

(A)

I is correct; II is incorrect

(B)

II is correct; I is incorrect

(C)

Both I and II are correct

(D)

Both I and II are incorrect

Explanation

GATE→2023→Environmental Management and Sustainable Development→Environmental Management Systems & Impact Assessment

Q8

MSQ[2 Marks]

Products P and Q have life cycle phases of material extraction, production, use, and end of life disposal. $CH_4$, $CO_2$ emissions and mass used per functional unit (f.u.) from the different phases of the products are given in the tables. Using global warming potential of $CH_4$ equal to $23\text{ kg of } CO_2\text{ per kg of } CH_4$, which of the following statement(s) is/are true?

(A)

Greenhouse gas emissions (kg $CO_2$ equivalent/f.u.) from the 'Material extraction' phase of product P is higher than that of product Q.

(B)

Greenhouse gas emissions (kg $CO_2$ equivalent/f.u.) from the 'Production phase' of product Q is higher than that of product P.

(C)

Greenhouse gas emissions (kg $CO_2$ equivalent/f.u.) from the 'End of life disposal' is higher for product Q than that of product P.

(D)

Greenhouse gas emissions (kg $CO_2$ equivalent/f.u.) from the 'complete life cycle' of the product P is higher than that of product Q.

Explanation

GATE→2023→Environmental Management and Sustainable Development→Environmental Management Systems & Impact Assessment

Q9

NAT[2 Marks]

An adult of $65\text{ kg}$ weight and life span of $65\text{ years}$ drinks water for $5\text{ years}$, which is contaminated with toluene of concentration $0.15\text{ mg/L}$. For toluene, reference dose is $0.200\text{ mg/kg-d}$. The person drinks $2\text{ L}$ of water per day. The hazard quotient from the toluene exposure for the adult will be _____ (rounded off to three decimal places).

Explanation

GATE→2022→Environmental Management and Sustainable Development→Environmental Management Systems & Impact Assessment

Q10

MSQ[1 Mark]

The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC), Govt. of India has published the Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) draft Notification 2020, intended to replace the existing EIA Notification, 2006 under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. Which of the following is/are the key change(s) from existing regulation?

(A)

Removal of several project/ activities from the purview of public consultation.

(B)

A list of projects has been included under Category B2, expressly exempted from the requirement of an EIA.

(C)

All the project related activities are brought under the purview of necessary public consultation.

(D)

A list of projects has been included under Category B2, bringing them under the requirement of detailed EIA.

Explanation

Environmental Law, Policy, and Treaties

7 Questions

GATE→2026→Environmental Management and Sustainable Development→Environmental Law, Policy, and Treaties

Q11

MCQ[1 Mark]

Which ONE of the following principles is directly related to environmental compensation?

(A)

Intergenerational equity principle

(B)

Precautionary principle

(C)

Subsidiarity principle

(D)

Polluter-pay principle

Explanation

GATE→2023→Environmental Management and Sustainable Development→Environmental Law, Policy, and Treaties

Q12

MCQ[1 Mark]

Place the following international conventions/conferences/protocols/declarations in the chronological order (oldest to latest) of their happening: i) United Nations conference in Stockholm which resulted in the establishment of UNEP (1972) il) Vienna convention for the protection of the Ozone layer (1985) iii) United Nations climate change conference in Glasgow commonly referred as COP26 (2021) iv) Montreal protocol on phasing out production of substances related to Ozone layer depletion (1987)

(A)

i, ii, iv, iii

(B)

i, ii, iii, iv

(C)

ii, iv, i, iii

(D)

iv, iii, ii, i

Explanation

GATE→2023→Environmental Management and Sustainable Development→Environmental Law, Policy, and Treaties

Q13

MCQ[1 Mark]

Read the following statements with reference to the Kyoto Protocol on Climate Change: i) Each signatory (country) has common and equal responsibility. ii) Clean development mechanism (CDM), joint implementation (JI) and international emission trading are the three mechanisms under Kyoto Protocol to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions. iii) Under Kyoto Protocol, India has agreed to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by half by 2050 as compared to 2005 emissions. Which one of the following is correct choice?

(A)

only i) is TRUE

(B)

only ii) is TRUE

(C)

only i) and ii) are TRUE

(D)

only ii) and iii) are TRUE

Explanation

GATE→2023→Environmental Management and Sustainable Development→Environmental Law, Policy, and Treaties

Q14

MCQ[1 Mark]

Read the following statements: I. In environmental laws, the polluter pays principle is enacted to make the polluter responsible for paying for the damage done to the natural environment. II. The precautionary principle emphasizes caution, pausing and review before going for an innovation that may prove disastrous. III. The precautionary principle is often used by policy makers in situations where there is the possibility of harm from making a certain decision and conclusive evidence is not yet available. The correct choice is

(A)

I is correct; II and III are incorrect

(B)

I, II and III are correct

(C)

I and III are correct; II is incorrect

(D)

I and II are correct; III is incorrect

Explanation

GATE→2023→Environmental Management and Sustainable Development→Environmental Law, Policy, and Treaties

Q15

MCQ[1 Mark]

For the following major Indian environmental acts: i) Environmental Protection Act (1986) ii) Water Act (Prevention and Control of Pollution) (1974) iii) Air Act (Prevention and Control of Pollution) (1981) iv) The National Green Tribunal Act (2010) the correct chronological order (oldest to latest of their enactment) is

(A)

i), ii), iii), iv)

(B)

ii), i), iii), iv)

(C)

iii), i), iv), ii)

(D)

ii), iii), i), iv)

Explanation

GATE→2022→Environmental Management and Sustainable Development→Environmental Law, Policy, and Treaties

Q16

MCQ[1 Mark]

Which one of the following statements correctly defines the concept of 'Extended Producer's Responsibility'?

(A)

The responsibility of a producer for environmentally sound disposal of the product after the end of its life

(B)

The responsibility of a producer for environmentally sound manufacturing process for the product

(C)

The responsibility of a producer for environmentally sound management of the product from manufacturing stage until it is sold in the market

(D)

The responsibility of a producer for environmentally sound management of the product until the end of its life

Explanation

GATE→2022→Environmental Management and Sustainable Development→Environmental Law, Policy, and Treaties

Q17

MSQ[2 Marks]

Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct regarding National Green Tribunal (NGT) of India?

(A)

NGT Act 2010 draws inspiration from the India's constitutional provision of Article 21 - Protection of life and personal liberty, which assures the citizens of India the right to a healthy environment.

(B)

A retired Judge of the Supreme Court, can be the Chairperson of the NGT.

(C)

NGT Act 2017 is based on the India's constitutional provision of Article 361...

(D)

The NGT is mandated to make and endeavor for disposal of applications or appeals finally within 45 days of filing of the same.

Explanation

Energy and Environment

3 Questions

GATE→2026→Environmental Management and Sustainable Development→Energy and Environment

Q18

NAT[2 Marks]

An agricultural land can support energy crops yield to produce $7000\text{ L}$ of bioethanol per hectare and energy content of bioethanol is $21\text{ MJ/L}$. This bioethanol displaces fossil-based petrol. The $CO_2$ offset potential of land used for growing energy crops as a bioethanol feedstock is _____ $\times 10^6\text{ g of } CO_2\text{/hectare}$ (rounded off to one decimal place). ($CO_2$ footprints: $10\text{ g}$ and $80\text{ g of } CO_2\text{ per MJ}$ for bioethanol and petrol, respectively)

Explanation

GATE→2024→Environmental Management and Sustainable Development→Energy and Environment

Q19

NAT[2 Marks]

In a region, total annual consumption of gasoline is $30.6\text{ million tons}$. The land required for growing sugarcane to produce enough bioethanol to replace the gasoline completely is _____ $\text{km}^2$ (an integer value). (Ethanol energy equivalent is $67\%$ of gasoline, gasoline density is $850\text{ kg/m}^3$, yield of bioethanol from sugarcane is $3750\text{ L/hectare}$, $1\text{ km}^2 = 100\text{ hectares}$)

Explanation

GATE→2023→Environmental Management and Sustainable Development→Energy and Environment

Q20

NAT[2 Marks]

Ms. Anita uses a BS-IV two wheeler petrol scooter, with a mileage of $50\text{ km/L}$, to travel $30\text{ km}$ every day. She exchanges this two wheeler with an electric scooter, which consumes electricity at $0.1\text{ kWh/10 km}$. Assuming the cost of petrol and electricity are fixed at Rs. $90\text{ per L}$ and Rs. $3.5\text{ per kWh}$, respectively, and maintenance cost is negligible, the operational cost saved in a year by Ms. Anita is _____ (in Rs., in integer).

Explanation

Sustainable Development and Economics

2 Questions

GATE→2026→Environmental Management and Sustainable Development→Sustainable Development and Economics

Q21

MCQ[1 Mark]

As per the United Nations General Assembly resolution adopted in 2015 "Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development", the number of sustainable development goals (SDGs) is

(A)

4

(B)

15

(C)

17

(D)

11

Explanation

GATE→2024→Environmental Management and Sustainable Development→Sustainable Development and Economics

Q22

MCQ[1 Mark]

As per the United Nations agenda for sustainable development adopted in September 2015, the number of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are _____ and the proposed target year to achieve them is _____

(A)

15; 2035

(B)

17; 2030

(C)

20; 2040

(D)

17; 2050

Explanation